Biophilia Tracker's NLS Exam for Liver Abscesses and Hepatic Adenomas

Biophilia Tracker's NLS Exam for Liver Abscesses and Hepatic Adenomas

Liver abscess is a relatively rare focal lesion of the liver, characterized by localized accumulation of suppurative tissue and disintegration of parenchyma and interstitium. Abscesses may be the result of complications of cholelithiasis and in most cases are located in the right lobe of the liver and are relatively large. The typical symptoms of a biliary abscess are small and numerous. Visual images of liver abscesses are not always specific; at the same time clinical symptomatology allows suspicion of this exact pathology.

During an NLS exam, therapists may detect thick, dark pigmented membranes and heterogeneous tumor interior contents. In the visualization of the heterogeneity of peculiar forms and internal structures, diagnostic accuracy can be achieved by CT use.

In the formation of abscesses, the NLS examination of the Biophilia Tracker detected moderate chromogenicity in the center of focus (3-4 points according to the Fleidler scale).

At the same time, we detected a gradual (crater-like) density heterogeneity from the peripheral region to the center. There is no strict distinction between the confirmed lesion and the surrounding parenchyma. Uneven lobulation is seen, and air bubbles appear as hypopigmented spots within the abscess cavity. The last argument is the hyperspectral similarity (D<0.425) to the etalon «Liver Abscess». According to some authors, the diagnostic reliability of NLS in abscess situations is close to absolute.

Hepatic adenomas are related to benign tumors and originate from liver cells. It may be found in memory related to taking oral contraceptives. This pathology is more common in younger women. It may sometimes be diagnosed in men using androgen or steroid medications. Adenoma diagnosis is important because of the high risk of hemorrhage, rupture, malignant transformation, or the need for surgical intervention.

Histological heterogeneity of adenomas (hemorrhage, necrosis, fatty infiltration, central scarring, encapsulation, and development of large vessels within the tumor) results in heterogeneous visual images on NLS and MRI and CT; this hallmark is this Pathology's unique trademark. In 30% of cases, the adenoma develops a capsule that resembles the formation of a pseudocapsule. Adenomas ranged in size from 1 to 19 cm (mean 5.4 cm). Adenomas can be solitary or multiple. It has a distinct outline. Unlike hemangiomas, adenomas do not come close to hepatic blood vessels and do not occupy an entire lobe of the lung. Malignant tumors are more heterogeneous and poorly defined.

Signs of hepatic adenoma may be present when NLS examination reveals a round tumor with a well-defined outline, moderately dark pigmented (4-5 points) internal structures, intratumoral blood vessels, and surrounded by a ring of light pigment. As usual, the most important question in diagnosis is the hyperspectral similarity to the etalon of the liver adenoma.

MRI signs of adenomas are: well-defined, heterogeneous tumor surrounded by a ring, more commonly hyperintensive, sometimes with a hypointense hemorrhagic foci in the center, with corresponding central scarring, arterial phase Uneven comparison.

The aforementioned features (structural heterogeneity, pseudocapsules, high intensity of MRI images) re-emphasize the difficulty of adenoma differentiation, especially from hepatocellular carcinoma.

If there are signs of adenoma, a Biophilia Tracker or liver MRI can be used.